Poland has revoked its highest state honour, the Order of the White Eagle, previously awarded to Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky, following Kyiv’s decision to name a military unit after the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA). The move has reignited historical tensions between the two neighbouring nations and sparked a diplomatic dispute.
Polish President Karol Nawrocki described Ukraine’s decision as “outrageous,” “incomprehensible,” and “deeply disappointing.” While many Ukrainians view the UPA as a symbol of resistance and a force that fought for national independence during and after World War II, Poland holds the group responsible for the massacre of thousands of ethnic Poles in Volhynia between 1943 and 1945.
Nawrocki said glorifying the UPA undermines trust between the two countries and stressed that Ukraine must be willing to confront difficult aspects of its history, particularly as it seeks membership in the European Union. However, he emphasized that Poland’s support for Ukraine in its ongoing war against Russia remains unchanged.
Ukraine’s Foreign Minister Andrii Sybiha strongly criticized the decision, calling it a “strategic mistake” that benefits Moscow. He also announced plans to return a Polish award he received in 2022, arguing that no foreign leader should dictate Ukraine’s interpretation of its history. Despite the dispute, Polish Prime Minister Donald Tusk urged both sides to avoid escalating tensions, warning that such divisions ultimately serve Russia’s interests.